1, indlela yokuhlubula ngomshini
Mechanical stripping method iyindlela yokuthola izinto ze-graphene thin-layer ngokusebenzisa ukungqubuzana nokunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwezinto negraphene. Indlela ilula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi i-graphene etholakalayo ngokuvamile igcina isakhiwo se-crystal esiphelele. Ngo-2004, ososayensi ababili baseBrithani basebenzisa itheyiphu ebonisa ngale ukuze baxebule ungqimba lwe-graphite yemvelo ngongqimba ukuze bathole i-graphene, nayo eyahlukaniswa njengendlela yokuhlubula ngomshini. Le ndlela yake yabhekwa njengengasebenzi kahle futhi ayikwazi ukukhiqiza ngobuningi.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni yenze ucwaningo oluningi kanye nentuthuko emisha ezindleleni zokukhiqiza ze-graphene. Njengamanje, izinkampani eziningana e-Xiamen, e-Guangdong nakwezinye izifundazwe namadolobha ziye zanqoba ibhodlela lokukhiqiza lokulungiselela amanani aphansi e-graphene, zisebenzisa indlela yokuhlubula ngomshini ukuze zikhiqize ngokwezimboni i-graphene enezindleko eziphansi nezisezingeni eliphezulu.
2. Indlela ye-Redox
Indlela yokunciphisa i-oxidation iwukuba i-oxidize i-graphite yemvelo ngokusebenzisa izixube zamakhemikhali njenge-sulfuric acid ne-nitric acid nama-oxidants njenge-potassium permanganate ne-hydrogen peroxide, ukwandisa isikhala phakathi kwezingqimba ze-graphite, nokufaka ama-oxide phakathi kwezingqimba ze-graphite ukuze kulungiswe i-GraphiteOxide. Khona-ke, i-reactant igezwa ngamanzi, futhi okuqinile okugeziwe komiswa ekushiseni okuphansi ukuze kulungiswe i-graphite oxide powder. I-graphene oxide yalungiswa ngokucwecwa i-graphite oxide powder ngokuxebuka ngokomzimba kanye nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ekugcineni, i-graphene oxide yancishiswa ngendlela yamakhemikhali ukuze kutholwe i-graphene (RGO). Le ndlela ilula ukuyisebenzisa, enesivuno esikhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ephansi [13]. Indlela yokunciphisa i-oxidation isebenzisa ama-asidi aqinile njenge-sulfuric acid ne-nitric acid, eyingozi futhi edinga amanzi amaningi okuhlanza, okuletha ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okukhulu.
I-graphene elungiselelwe indlela ye-redox iqukethe amaqembu asebenzayo aqukethe umoya-mpilo futhi kulula ukuyishintsha. Kodwa-ke, lapho unciphisa i-graphene oxide, kunzima ukulawula okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen ye-graphene ngemva kokunciphisa, futhi i-graphene oxide izoncishiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwethonya lelanga, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu enqoleni nezinye izici zangaphandle, ngakho ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-graphene ekhiqizwa indlela ye-redox ngokuvamile ayihambisani ukusuka ku-batch kuya ku-batch, okwenza kube nzima ukulawula ikhwalithi.
Njengamanje, abantu abaningi badida imiqondo ye-graphite oxide, i-graphene oxide kanye ne-graphene oxide encishisiwe. I-graphite oxide insundu futhi iyipolymer yegraphite ne-oxide. I-graphene oxide iwumkhiqizo otholwe ngokucwecwa i-graphite oxide ungqimba olulodwa, ungqimba oluphindwe kabili noma ungqimba lwe-oligo, futhi iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaqembu aqukethe umoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke i-graphene oxide ayi-conductive futhi inezinto ezisebenzayo, ezizonciphisa ngokuqhubekayo. kanye nokukhulula amagesi afana ne-sulphur dioxide ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokucubungula izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Umkhiqizo ngemva kokunciphisa i-graphene oxide ungabizwa ngokuthi i-graphene (i-graphene oxide eyehlisiwe).
3. (i-silicon carbide) indlela ye-SiC epitaxial
Indlela ye-SiC epitaxial iwukuba i-sublimate ama-athomu e-silicon kude nezinto futhi akhe kabusha ama-athomu e-C asele ngokuzihlanganisa ku-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu kanye nendawo yokushisa ephezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kutholwe i-graphene esekelwe ku-SiC substrate. I-graphene yekhwalithi ephezulu ingatholakala ngale ndlela, kodwa le ndlela idinga imishini ephakeme.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-25-2021